Research Paper on Air Pollution

This paragraph serves as scientific research to help reduce air pollution. First, air pollution is a general term that refers to a variety of pollutants in the atmosphere. Pollution can occur from natural causes or human activities. Air pollutants are detected as gases or particles, but on a restricted scale, they can be found inside buildings as indoor air pollutants. The most popular causes of air pollution are related to the combustion processes. The most obvious pollutant is smoke. However, sulfur and nitrogen oxide pollutants have become major concerns as a result of the widespread use of fossil fuels. As the use of petroleum-based fuels has increased, a variety of organic compounds have become more common in the atmosphere. In many countries, including the United States, steps are being taken to reduce and even eliminate air pollution's negative effects on the environment. Scientists are investigating the damaging effects on animals and plants, while politicians are writing laws to manage pollution emissions. For example, in the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency is ordered by the Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1990 to establish standards for air quality termed the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). Also, air pollutants can have a wide variety of effects, with health problems being the most enduring concern. In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated in 2012 that approximately 800,000 people die each year as a result of air pollution around the world. Air pollution needs to be reduced or even stopped for the well-being of the world and future generations. 

This paragraph is a scientific study to research people’s efforts to control the increase of air pollution. First, air pollution control is the process of reducing or eliminating the release of pollutants into the environment. Methods of air pollution control can be separated into two sections: the control of particulate emissions and the control of gaseous emissions. The term particulate applies to small particles of matter such as smoke, soot, and dust that are let out during industrial, agricultural, or other activities. Gaseous emissions are industrial products such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen also released during numerous manufacturing operations. The majority of particulate control methods work on the same principle. The solid particles held in gases are divided out by physical procedures such as passage through a settling chamber. A settling chamber is a long, wide pipe through which gases from a manufacturing process are allowed to run. As these gases slow down in the pipe, the solid particles settle out. Another method for removing particulates from stack gases is to use a cyclone collector. The gases are pumped into a rotating cylindrical container. Solid particles in the gas are pushed outward against the container's walls by centrifugal forces. They gather there for a short time before falling to the container's bottom. Gases that have been removed from the particles then escape from the container's top. Also, there are a variety of methods for eliminating unwanted gases, most of which are acidic. Scrubbers are smokestack devices that contain damp chemicals such as lime, magnesium oxide, or sodium hydroxide. When gases leave a factory and travel through a scrubber, they react with the damp chemical and are neutralized. Scrubbers are taken from the smokestack, cleaned, and replaced regularly. Absorption is another approach for reducing gaseous emissions. Charcoal that has been ground into a fine powder is known as activated charcoal. Charcoal can absorb or attach to, other chemicals. When unwanted gases flow over activated charcoal on the inside of a smokestack, they are absorbed on the charcoal.  The charcoal is removed from time to time, just like with scrubbers, and a new lining of charcoal is inserted in the smokestack. Finally, government policy is also working to reduce air pollution as evidenced by the United Kingdom Clean Air Act (1956), which followed the disastrous smog of December 1952. This act directed attention toward reducing domestic sources of smoke. The other well-tried aspects were the creation of smokeless zones and an emphasis on tall chimneys to disperse pollutants. Also, the United States began an international initiative in 2012 to reduce pollutants.  Some of the programs developed and administered by the United States government included producing and distributing clean cookstoves, capturing methane from wells, pipelines, rice paddies, and landfills; and modernizing kilns and systems of dealing with agricultural waste.