Research Paper abou Behaviorism

In the early 20th century, when psychology was not experimenting with today's ideas, it focused on mental processes and behavioral psychology found to improve the ability of psychologists to make decisions by applying better experimental methods.  The origins of behaviorism throughout the twentieth century can be determined by Watson being named as the founding father of behaviorism as well as when he made a brief guide describing behaviorism as an aim for a scientific experiment in which he aimed to study, predict, and control behavior.  Surprisingly, he concluded that humans and animals were similar, so this is why he conducted some experiments on animals such as mice while he was at Johns Hopkins University.  Yet, this time Watson wanted to include humans and animals in his experiments that would get a lot of attention for cruel reasons years later, but that's not the goal now.   John's passion in his most famous experiment, perhaps throughout his career, if not to the same degree as others known and recorded, was his little Albert's experiment.  According to a source, John wanted to get the basics of behaviorism in mind and ¨an appreciation of environment as a determinant of behavior, and the great potential to improve society through application of empirically-derived principles of behavior (Logue, 1994) & (Fakos, 2013, Cleveland University) .¨, to take action to see if it had the potential to cause fear in a child.  John Broadus Watson reportedly paid the nurse one dollar in US economic currency for her son Douglas Merritte's participation  in the experiment.  To further emphasize the situation of course this sounds very underwhelming for someone who would willingly traumatize their child with the trust of their boss but also their co-worker.  Although, according to today's currency inflation calculator, which would have amounted to $13.68 if there were fewer than twenty-six people working at the time, today's minimum wage relative to the value of money given would only be  a sixty-eight bonus, some cents or so a tip.  John Broadus Watson arranges the baby in a room where he is introduced to some  cute furry animals.  He considered how the boy presented himself to the animal he liked or cuddled the most and to which he was still fascinated but he still reacted  in a disappointing way.  Then he naturally omitted the presence of the animal and only presented  the animal that the boy liked with the first animal which had a thud after which made little Albert express great  confusion  as he subconsciously did not realize what was going on.  He proceeds to touch other animals when they appear on their own, but is soon seen crawling away and tearing him apart as he  now reacts to his frightening surroundings where he becomes vulnerable in his own emotions before returning home.  Douglas is brought back some time later when the moon or even a longer period has passed and  reintroduced into the same situation which causes the same reaction which in a sense pleases the experimenters by proving that their theory is correct as a human or  a creature.  Those placed in a hostile environment will react  to some form and may eventually  develop some traumatic experiences of which they themselves may not be aware.  Douglas  not only cried when he saw a rodent, but he cried when he saw a creature or even fur of the same material, color or type after the experience without attempt in being tested on whether this could be reversed or removed, as his main experimenter was dismissed after ¨dismissed from the university around the same time because of an affair with Rayner.¨ ,abandoning the poor boy in a state of distress (DeAngelis, 2010, APA, Vol 41, No.1).  Along with this experiment, someone else who might be doing a study of behaviorism to see the idea behind it was Charles Ransom Gallistel who was curious about  reinforcement in behavior.  The main point is that food can only be used as reinforcement which is similar to the example shown in class with the big bang theory character Penny being reinforced by Sheldon when he is about to do something that will annoy him but will only  work if it increases the frequency of the associative response  as operant conditioning.  Operant conditioning is another type of learning that refers to how organisms operate in the environment or how to respond to what is presented in the environment.  Operant conditioning is divided into the categories of negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, extinction, and punishment.  Nonetheless, behaviorism leads to some research trends to see if the expected answers can be proven wrong.  Burrhus Frederic Skinner together with John Broadus Watson put together the idea that behavior can be learned and  not  based solely on people's speculation.  Interestingly, these two have a theory that comes to  mind that they believe that if they were placed in a group of children and rather separated  twins who had the exact same biology, they would grow up the same regardless of their parents or parents. which they have placed or raised in clear contrast.  Another notable character is Edward Thornlike who tests rodents and cats on the amount of time and difficulty it takes to break free with the help of a lever.  His takeaway from this experiment included a list of things including; ¨law of effect, law of use, law of disuse, multiple response, etc.¨(BCcampus Open Publishing, Walinga, 2.3 Behaviourist Psychology).  The downside of behaviorism is that there is no way to consider biological influences because it cannot be presented visually  to us, does not consider moods, thoughts or feelings, and does not explain learning.  One natural conflict that might be suggested is with an investigation because forms of body language are the main way to tell if someone is uncomfortable or maybe lying, but it's not the best way.  In those cases, usually when there is something like  murder, kidnapping or sexual assault, higher level law enforcement and officers tend to rely on body language to give them some form of clue, and they can often  be misled on the grounds of being missing. a person or exhibits complete unexplained emotions and behavior that cannot be answered or  explained.  Behaviorism was widely accepted among psychologists and the general public, being the dominant view from the 1920s to the 1960s.  Furthermore, humans and animals can adjust their behavior when new information is introduced, even if that behavior has already been established through reinforcement.  The human body and its characteristics are amazing things that we want to study and explore.  Most people probably know the idea behind things, but not the person who is credited behind these tasks.  The conditioning process overall has only been used to understand many different types of behaviors,  from learning from people  to  language development.  The greatest contribution of behavioral psychology lies in its practical applications.  These strategies are used by parents, teachers, animal trainers, and many others by basic behavioral principles helping teach new behaviors and prevent unwanted behavior.  In reports of some psychologists, cognitive psychology is seen or determined as a factor of a reaction to behaviorism (PEDDIA, Embogama, 2016).